Veterans’ Civilian Employment Experiences: Lessons Learnt from Focus Groups.
Abstract: Employment of veterans after leaving military service appears to be an important factor affecting their transition back to civilian life. Although there are employment programs in place to assist veterans in their search for civilian employment post-service, these programs tend to focus on the practical aspects such as resume writing and interview skills. However, difficulties finding employment are most likely caused by more than just these practical factors. This study conducted focus groups with US military veterans to understand the veterans experiences of finding employment after leaving service. The focus groups highlighted experiences before they leave military service such as if they made any plans and preparations and factors after leaving service such experiencing barriers from employers as affecting their civilian employment success. Another key factor was whether the veterans were self-motivated and determined to continue to find employment even in the face of the challenges. These findings are important for understanding and informing the employment support veterans may need.
Abstract: The unique demands of military life can adversely impact romantic relationships; however, research has mainly focused on these adverse outcomes at one-time point, overlooking changes over time or potential positive outcomes. Using a subsample of 3,845 male and female military personnel and veterans from a large UK dataset, this study examined positive and negative changes in relationship satisfaction between two-time points (2007–2009; 2014–2016). Most participants reported no change in their relationship satisfaction, suggesting stability − 8% reported a positive change and 10% a negative change. Positive change was associated with being in a long-term relationship, alcohol misuse remission, and persistent alcohol misuse. Negative change was associated with the onset of mental health problems (probable PTSD, CMD, or alcohol misuse) and having children under 18. Some factors, like increasing age, childhood family relationship adversity, and mental health problems, were associated with both positive and negative changes in relationship satisfaction. This study highlights the complexity of factors associated with relationship satisfaction among military personnel and veterans, with some experiencing positive changes, as well as negative changes over time.