Health and Wellbeing Study of Serving and ex-Serving UK Armed Forces Personnel: Phase 4
Abstract: The study has been running since 2003 with the aim of investigating the impact of deployment to Iraq (Operation TELIC) and Afghanistan (Operation HERRICK) on the health and wellbeing of serving and ex-serving personnel.
Data have been collected over three previous phases - Phase 1 (2004/06), Phase 2 (2007/09), and Phase 3 (2014/16), with the most recent phase taking place over 2022/23. In addition to examining key mental health outcomes such as CMD, probable PTSD and alcohol misuse, this phase also collected new data on additional topics relevant to UK serving and ex-serving personnel including complex PTSD (C-PTSD), loneliness and caring responsibilities.
For Phase 4 (2022/23), we followed up participants who took part in the previous phase in 2014/16. 4104 participants completed the survey. 69% of the sample had deployed to Iraq and/or Afghanistan and 72% had left service.
Abstract: The unique demands of military life can adversely impact romantic relationships; however, research has mainly focused on these adverse outcomes at one-time point, overlooking changes over time or potential positive outcomes. Using a subsample of 3,845 male and female military personnel and veterans from a large UK dataset, this study examined positive and negative changes in relationship satisfaction between two-time points (2007–2009; 2014–2016). Most participants reported no change in their relationship satisfaction, suggesting stability − 8% reported a positive change and 10% a negative change. Positive change was associated with being in a long-term relationship, alcohol misuse remission, and persistent alcohol misuse. Negative change was associated with the onset of mental health problems (probable PTSD, CMD, or alcohol misuse) and having children under 18. Some factors, like increasing age, childhood family relationship adversity, and mental health problems, were associated with both positive and negative changes in relationship satisfaction. This study highlights the complexity of factors associated with relationship satisfaction among military personnel and veterans, with some experiencing positive changes, as well as negative changes over time.